Syllabus:

GS3: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

Context: 

For three decades, the Eurasian otter, a keystone species in Kashmir’s aquatic ecosystems, was believed to be extinct in the Valley. However, recent sightings in south Kashmir have reignited hopes for its revival.

More on the news:

• The otter was spotted in the Lidder River (Srigufwara, south Kashmir.
• Initially mistaken for a crocodile by villagers, wildlife officials confirmed it as the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) through video and photographic evidence.

Historical Significance and Decline

• Local Name: Known as Vuder in Kashmiri, the otter was once abundant in water bodies like:

• Dachigam streams
• Dal Lake feeders
• Rambiara stream (south Kashmir)
• Lidder River (Pahalgam)

• Reasons for Decline:

• Water pollution degrading habitats.
• Hunting for its prized fur.
• Absence of sightings for 25–30 years led to assumptions of local extinction.

Recent Sightings and Ecological Implications:

• 2023 Resurgence: This marks the third sighting this year:

• Gurez Valley (May 2023)
• Heerpora (Shopian district)
• Lidder River (Srigufwara)

• Wildlife officials view these sightings as a positive sign for restoring Kashmir’s aquatic ecology, given the otter’s role as a bioindicator of clean water systems.

Challenges:

• Habitat Restoration: Curbing pollution in rivers and wetlands.
• Anti-Poaching Measures: Preventing illegal hunting.
• Community Awareness: Educating locals on the otter’s ecological importance.